Bund Lining Types

Bund Floor Lining

Bund floor lining is the chemically resistant, impermeable coating applied to the horizontal base of a bund. Within the wider bund lining hierarchy, it works alongside bund wall lining and joint detailing to deliver a continuous containment envelope across every bunded floor.

Definition

What is Bund Floor Lining?

Bund floor lining is a chemically resistant coating system applied to the floor of a bunded area. Its purpose is to prevent leaks, spills and stored chemicals from penetrating the underlying substrate. When correctly specified and installed, it forms part of a compliant secondary containment system.

When is Bund Floor Lining Required?

  • Bund floor lining is required wherever a containment area must safely retain spills, leaks or overflows without allowing chemicals to penetrate the substrate or escape into the environment.
  • New bund floors are typically lined during construction, while existing bunds are often relined following inspections, integrity testing or evidence of coating failure.
  • This work falls under the regulations COMAH, the Oil Storage Regulations, Environment Agency PPGs and CIRIA C736.

Common Bund Floor Lining Structures

Concrete bund floors beneath bulk storage tanks

Floor bunding to chemical and fuel storage compounds

Tanker offloading and loading bay floors

Drum and IBC storage deck floors

Process and plant room bunded floors

Pit, sump and catchpot bases

Chemical dosing and dispensing floors

Laboratory, cleanroom and pharmaceutical bunded flooring

Wastewater treatment bund floors

Secondary containment floors beneath pipework routes

GRP bund flooring panels and modular bunded floor systems

Rubber-lined bund floors, including bund rubber floor UK specifications for specific chemical duties

Bund Floor Lining Performance Requirements

  • Chemical resistance: the lining must resist the specific substances stored at realistic concentrations and temperatures, including acids, alkalis, solvents, hydrocarbons and process-specific chemicals.
  • Impermeability: the floor must form a continuous, pinhole-free barrier. A bund is only as good as its weakest detail.
  • Adhesion: the system must bond reliably to the concrete substrate and stay bonded through thermal cycling, hydrostatic loading and chemical attack.
  • Thickness: dry film thickness must resist mechanical damage, permeation and chemical degradation across the design life.
  • Durability: the floor has to withstand foot traffic, occasional plant movement, point loads, impact and cleaning regimes.
  • Crack-bridging capability: concrete moves, and a bund floor lining should accommodate minor substrate cracking without losing containment.
  • Slip resistance: where operatives access a bunded floor, the surface must be safe underfoot in wet conditions.
  • Fall correction: the finished floor should fall cleanly to a sump or catchpot, and levelling layers are often specified to achieve this.
  • Fire performance: for hydrocarbon storage, fire resistance and low flame spread may be required.
Systems

Recommended Bund Floor Lining Systems

The most suitable bund floor lining system depends on the chemicals being stored, operating temperatures, traffic levels and maintenance requirements. ResChem specifies a range of proven resin systems to suit different containment environments.

Epoxy Resins

A key material for industrial epoxy floor coating duties, where the floor takes the brunt of foot traffic, drum handling and routine spillage. Epoxies are self-smoothing on horizontal surfaces, can be built to substantial film thickness without sag, and accept slip-resistant aggregate broadcast where the bunded floor needs traction underfoot.

Polyurethane Resins

Polyurethane systems are commonly specified where floors experience significant temperature variation, steam cleaning or thermal shock. Their flexibility helps accommodate substrate movement while maintaining chemical resistance.

Polyurea Resins

Polyurea systems cure rapidly, reducing downtime during installation. They are often specified where fast return-to-service is required alongside good impact and abrasion resistance.

Vinyl Ester Resins

Vinyl ester systems are often specified for aggressive acid environments where extended chemical exposure demands enhanced resistance.

Novolac Epoxy Resin

Uprated chemistry for hot product spills that pool on the slab and trap heat against the lining for longer than they would against a wall. Specified for floors below heated tanks, distillation skids and solvent process areas, where elevated-temperature pooling is the design case.

Methods

Bund Floor Lining Installation Methods

Bunded flooring is the surface that takes the longest dwell time of any contained spill, the brunt of plant and foot traffic, and the falls that send liquid to the sump. Different installation methods are used depending on the condition of the substrate, operational requirements and the performance demands of the containment area.

Site Fabrication

For floor-specific elements that standard sections cannot deliver. Channel and sump linings, fabricated drainage gratings, threshold strips where a bunded floor meets an unbunded one, and bespoke drum kerbs or plinth surrounds where containment is needed within the bunded area itself.

Lining and Levelling

Restoring positive falls to a single drainage point, infilling hollows with bonded self-smoothing screeds, and bringing an out-of-level slab back to specification before the chemical-resistant coats go on. Falls are a floor-only concern, and getting them right is what stops liquid pooling against a wall or column during a spill.

Protective Coatings

Multi-coat systems applied with squeegee, roller and trowel for horizontal build, broadcast with aggregate where slip resistance is required, and finished to a falls-true surface that drains cleanly. Floor coatings can be built to substantial film thickness without the sag concerns of a wall.

Bund Lining Repairs

Targeted remediation of forklift scuff, dropped-tool gouges, ponding-related surface attack and localised cracks where the rest of the floor is sound. Cut-out and reinstate work is sequenced to fit a single shutdown without re-coating the whole bund.

Trowel Applied Mortar Systems

Heavy-duty mortars used in tanker offloading bays, drum decks and areas exposed to hot product spillage, where the floor sees mechanical and thermal loads no other surface in the bund has to absorb. Also used to rebuild damaged channel arrises and threshold edges.

Surface Preparation

Captive-blasting, scabbling and diamond grinding tuned to horizontal substrates, including the removal of greasy or oil-saturated layers that floors absorb over years of service. Cracks and joints are tracked, opened and primed before any coating is applied, because a hidden crack in a floor is a leak path waiting for the next spill.

Bund Floor Lining Design Considerations

  • Joints: movement joints and construction joints require specialist detailing to maintain containment.
  • Penetrations: drains, pipework and fixings must be sealed to prevent leakage.
  • Corners: wall-to-floor junctions require careful detailing to avoid weak points.
  • Drainage: liquids should flow effectively towards designated sumps or drainage points.
  • Falls and levelling: uneven substrates may require correction before lining installation.
  • Surface preparation: correct preparation is essential for long-term adhesion and performance.
Compliances

Regulatory Compliance

Bund floor lining systems should be specified and installed in accordance with relevant environmental, safety and containment regulations. Compliance requirements will vary depending on the stored product, site operations and industry sector.

COMAH: requires operators to prevent major accidents and minimise their consequences. Environment Agency Guidance: includes containment guidance relating to oils, fuels and chemicals. HSE Requirements: covers workplace safety, DSEAR obligations and slip resistance considerations. Oil Storage Regulations: apply to the containment of fuels and oils above specified thresholds. CIRIA C736: provides industry guidance on bund design, detailing and containment performance.
See Our Standards & Regulations →
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FAQ

Bund Floor Lining FAQs

Bund floor lining is designed to withstand pooled spills, foot traffic, equipment movement and drainage requirements. Bund wall lining protects vertical surfaces and focuses on splash zones, weathering and containment continuity. While similar materials may be used, the design and installation requirements differ significantly.

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